Medical Apartheid by Harriet A. Washington explores the dark history of medical experimentation on Black Americans from slavery to the present. The book reveals how African Americans were used without consent in painful and unethical experiments, including surgeries without anesthesia and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Washington uncovers systemic racism in medicine, showing how it shaped healthcare policies and practices. This powerful work explains the roots of mistrust in the Black community toward the medical system and calls for ethical reform and justice.
